Reference

This reference summarizes all built-in functions and standard blocks of the Coldwave Script-VM.
It is intended for users who are familiar with the basics of the language and want to look things up directly.

The tables show internally used type codes such as VT_DINT or VT_TIME. They correspond to the data types described in the documentation:

• VT_BOOL → BOOL
• VT_INT, VT_DINT, VT_LINT, … → Integer types
• VT_REAL, VT_LREAL → Floating-point types
• VT_TIME, VT_DATE, VT_TOD, VT_DT → Time and date types

Placeholders such as ANY_NUM, ANY_INT, or ANY refer to type families (e.g., “all numerical types”).
The exact mapping is described in the chapter Architecture & Internals.

Functions

Name	Short Description	Parameters (IEC-style)	Return
ABS	Absolute value of a number.	x: ANY_NUM	VT_DINT
ACOS	See implementation.	-	VT_LREAL
ADD	Addition.	a: ANY_NUM, b: ANY_NUM	VT_DINT
ADD_DT_TIME	See implementation.	-	VT_DT
ADD_TIME	Time addition.	t1: TIME, t2: TIME	VT_TIME
AND	Logical conjunction (AND).	a: BOOL, b: BOOL	VT_DWORD
ASIN	See implementation.	-	VT_LREAL
ATAN	See implementation.	-	VT_LREAL
CEIL	Round upward toward +∞.	x: REAL/LREAL	VT_LREAL
COS	Trigonometric function (radians).	x: REAL/LREAL (angle in rad)	VT_LREAL
DATE_TO_DT	Combines date and time-of-day into DateTime.	date: DATE, tod: TOD	VT_DT
DIV	Division.	a: ANY_NUM, b: ANY_NUM	VT_DINT
DT_TO_DATE	Extracts date from DateTime.	dt: DT	VT_DATE
DT_TO_TOD	Extracts time-of-day from DateTime.	dt: DT	VT_TOD
EQ	See implementation.	-	VT_BOOL
EXP	Exponential function e^x.	x: REAL/LREAL	VT_LREAL
EXPT	Power x^y.	x: REAL/LREAL, y: REAL/LREAL	VT_LREAL
FLOOR	Round downward toward −∞.	x: REAL/LREAL	VT_LREAL
GE	See implementation.	-	VT_BOOL
GT	See implementation.	-	VT_BOOL
LE	See implementation.	-	VT_BOOL
LIMIT	Clamps x to [min,max] (saturating).	min: ANY_NUM, x: ANY_NUM, max: ANY_NUM	VT_DINT
LN	Natural logarithm.	x: REAL/LREAL	VT_LREAL
LOG	Decimal logarithm (base 10).	x: REAL/LREAL	VT_LREAL
LT	See implementation.	-	VT_BOOL
MAKE_DT	See implementation.	-	VT_DT
MAX	Larger value.	a: ANY_NUM, b: ANY_NUM	VT_DINT
MIN	Smaller value.	a: ANY_NUM, b: ANY_NUM	VT_DINT
MOD	Integer remainder.	a: ANY_NUM, b: ANY_NUM	VT_DINT
MUL	Multiplication.	a: ANY_NUM, b: ANY_NUM	VT_DINT
MUX	Multiplexer: selects a (FALSE) or b (TRUE).	sel: BOOL, a: ANY, b: ANY	VT_LREAL
NE	See implementation.	-	VT_BOOL
OR	Logical disjunction (OR).	a: BOOL, b: BOOL	VT_DWORD
POW	Power x^y.	x: REAL/LREAL, y: REAL/LREAL	VT_LREAL
ROL	Bit rotation left.	x: ANY_INT, n: INT (bits)	VT_DWORD
ROR	Bit rotation right.	x: ANY_INT, n: INT (bits)	VT_DWORD
ROUND	Rounds to nearest integer.	x: REAL/LREAL	VT_LREAL
SEL	Selector: chooses a (FALSE) or b (TRUE).	sel: BOOL, a: ANY, b: ANY	VT_DINT
SGN	See implementation.	-	VT_DINT
SHL	Bit shift left.	x: ANY_INT, n: INT (bits)	VT_DWORD
SHR	Bit shift right.	x: ANY_INT, n: INT (bits)	VT_DWORD
SIN	Trigonometric function (radians).	x: REAL/LREAL (angle in rad)	VT_LREAL
SQRT	Square root (x ≥ 0).	x: REAL/LREAL	VT_LREAL
SUB	Subtraction.	a: ANY_NUM, b: ANY_NUM	VT_DINT
SUB_DT_TIME	See implementation.	-	VT_DT
SUB_TIME	Time difference.	t1: TIME, t2: TIME	VT_TIME
TAN	Trigonometric function (radians).	x: REAL/LREAL (angle in rad)	VT_LREAL
TIME_TO_INT	See implementation.	-	VT_DINT
TIME_TO_REAL	See implementation.	-	VT_LREAL
TOD_TO_DT	See implementation.	-	VT_DT
TO_BOOL	Type conversion to BOOL.	x: ANY	VT_BOOL
TO_DINT	Type conversion to DINT.	x: ANY	VT_DINT
TO_INT	Type conversion to INT.	x: ANY	VT_DINT
TO_LINT	Type conversion to LINT.	x: ANY	VT_LINT
TO_LREAL	Type conversion to LREAL.	x: ANY	VT_LREAL
TO_REAL	Type conversion to REAL.	x: ANY	VT_LREAL
TO_SINT	Type conversion to SINT.	x: ANY	VT_SINT
TO_TIME	Type conversion to TIME.	x: ANY	VT_TIME
TO_UDINT	Type conversion to UDINT.	x: ANY	VT_UDINT
TO_UINT	Type conversion to UINT.	x: ANY	VT_UDINT
TO_ULINT	Type conversion to ULINT.	x: ANY	VT_ULINT
TO_USINT	Type conversion to USINT.	x: ANY	VT_USINT
TRUNC	Truncates fractional part.	x: REAL/LREAL	VT_LREAL
XOR	Logical exclusive OR.	a: BOOL, b: BOOL	VT_DWORD

Blocks

CTD – Down Counter

Down-counter with preset value. On each rising edge at the count input, the counter value is decremented; Q remains TRUE as long as CV is greater than 0.

Input

Name	Type	Meaning
CD	VT_BOOL	Count-down; rising edge decrements.
PV	VT_INT	Start value.

Output

Name	Type	Meaning
Q	VT_BOOL	TRUE as long as CV > 0.
CV	VT_INT	Current value; counter state.

CTU – Up Counter

Up-counter with preset value. On each rising edge at the count input, the counter value is incremented; Q becomes TRUE once the value reaches or exceeds the preset.

Input

Name	Type	Meaning
CU	VT_BOOL	Count-up; rising edge increments.
PV	VT_INT	Preset threshold.

Output

Name	Type	Meaning
Q	VT_BOOL	TRUE if CV ≥ PV.
CV	VT_INT	Current value; counter state.

CTUD – Up/Down Counter

Combined up/down counter with separate inputs. Useful when two events must be counted against each other (e.g., entries and exits of a system).

Input

Name	Type	Meaning
CU	VT_BOOL	Count-up; rising edge increments.
CD	VT_BOOL	Count-down; rising edge decrements.
PV	VT_INT	Preset/start value.

Output

Name	Type	Meaning
Q	VT_BOOL	TRUE if CV ≥ PV.
CV	VT_INT	Current value; counter state.

F_TRIG – Falling Edge Trigger

Falling-edge detector: outputs TRUE for exactly one cycle when the input transitions from TRUE to FALSE.

Input

Name	Type	Meaning
CLK	VT_BOOL	Signal; falling edge is detected.

Output

Name	Type	Meaning
Q	VT_BOOL	TRUE for one cycle on falling edge.

RS – RS Latch

Set/Reset latch. A TRUE signal at the set input sets the output to TRUE permanently; a TRUE signal at reset clears it. Reset dominates.

Input

Name	Type	Meaning
R	VT_BOOL	Reset; TRUE clears Q (reset dominates).
S	VT_BOOL	Set; TRUE sets Q.

Output

Name	Type	Meaning
Q	VT_BOOL	Stored output (reset dominates).

R_TRIG – Rising Edge Trigger

Rising-edge detector: outputs TRUE for exactly one cycle when the input transitions from FALSE to TRUE.

Input

Name	Type	Meaning
CLK	VT_BOOL	Signal; rising edge is detected.

Output

Name	Type	Meaning
Q	VT_BOOL	TRUE for one cycle on rising edge.

SR – SR Latch

Set/Reset latch with set-priority. Used when the set state should dominate.

Input

Name	Type	Meaning
S	VT_BOOL	Set; TRUE sets Q.
R	VT_BOOL	Reset; TRUE clears Q.

Output

Name	Type	Meaning
Q	VT_BOOL	Stored output (set dominates).

TOF – Off-Delay Timer

Off-delay timer. Q is TRUE as long as IN is TRUE, and after IN falls to FALSE it stays TRUE for duration PT.

Input

Name	Type	Meaning
IN	VT_BOOL	Input; FALSE starts delay.
PT	VT_TIME	Preset time; delay duration.

Output

Name	Type	Meaning
Q	VT_BOOL	TRUE while IN=TRUE or delay active.
ET	VT_TIME	Elapsed time since IN=FALSE.

TON – On-Delay Timer

On-delay timer. When IN becomes TRUE, timing starts; Q becomes TRUE once IN has remained TRUE for at least PT.

Input

Name	Type	Meaning
IN	VT_BOOL	Input; TRUE starts/continues timing.
PT	VT_TIME	Preset time; required duration.

Output

Name	Type	Meaning
Q	VT_BOOL	TRUE if IN ≥ PT.
ET	VT_TIME	Elapsed time.

TP – Pulse Timer

Pulse block. On a rising edge at IN, Q becomes TRUE for duration PT — regardless of how long IN remains TRUE.

Input

Name	Type	Meaning
IN	VT_BOOL	Trigger; rising edge starts pulse.
PT	VT_TIME	Pulse length.

Output

Name	Type	Meaning
Q	VT_BOOL	TRUE for PT after trigger.